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Abstract:
Engineering tissue-like scaffolds that can mimic the microstructure, architecture, topology, and mechanical properties of native tissues while offering an excellent environment for cellular growth has remained an unmet need. To address these challenges, multi-compartment composite fibers are fabricated. These fibers can be assembled through textile processes to tailor tissue-level mechanical and electrical properties independent of cellular level components. Textile technologies also allow controlling the distribution of different cell types and microstructure of fabricated constructs and directing cellular growth within 3D microenvironment. Here, we engineered composite fibers from biocompatible cores and biologically relevant hydrogel sheaths. The fibers are mechanically robust to be assembled using textile processes and could support adhesion, proliferation and maturation of cell populations important for engineering of skeletal muscles. We also demonstrated that the changes in the electrical conductivity of the multi-compartment fibers could significantly enhance myogenesis in vitro.

Keywords:
reinforced fibers, biotextiles, tissue engineering, organ weaving, interpenetrating network hydrogels, skeletal muscles

Abstract:
Chronic, non-healing wounds place a significant burden on patients and healthcare systems, resulting in impaired mobility, limb amputation, or even death. Chronic wounds result from a disruption in the highly orchestrated cascade of events involved in wound closure. Significant advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology of chronic wounds have resulted in the development of drugs designed to target different aspects of the impaired processes. However, the hostility of the wound environment rich in degradative enzymes and its elevated pH, combined with differences in the time scales of different physiological processes involved in tissue regeneration require the use of effective drug delivery systems. In this review, we will first discuss the pathophysiology of chronic wounds and then the materials used for engineering drug delivery systems. Different passive and active drug delivery systems used in wound care will be reviewed. In addition, the architecture of the delivery platform and its ability to modulate drug delivery are discussed. Emerging technologies and the opportunities for engineering more effective wound care devices are also highlighted.

Keywords:
Wound healing, Drug delivery, Transdermal delivery, Microtechnologies, Nanotechnologies