Institute of Fundamental Technological Research
Polish Academy of Sciences

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Julia Hoeng

Philip Morris Products S.A. (CH)

Recent publications
1.  Walczak J., Malińska D., Drabik K., Michalska B., Prill M., Johne S., Luettich K., Szymański J., Peitsch M.C., Hoeng J., Duszyński J., Więckowski M.R., van der Toorn M., Szczepanowska J., Mitochondrial network and biogenesis in response to short and long-term exposure of human BEAS-2B cells to aerosol extracts from the tobacco heating system 2.2, Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry, ISSN: 1015-8987, DOI: 10.33594/000000216, Vol.54, No.2, pp.230-251, 2020

Abstract:
Background/aims: Adverse effects of cigarette smoke on health are widely known. Heating rather than combusting tobacco is one of strategies to reduce the formation of toxicants. The sensitive nature of mitochondrial dynamics makes the mitochondria an early indicator of cellular stress. For this reason, we studied the morphology and dynamics of the mitochondrial network in human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) exposed to total particulate matter (TPM) generated from 3R4F reference cigarette smoke and from aerosol from a new candidate modified risk tobacco product, the Tobacco Heating System (THS 2.2). Methods: Cells were subjected to short (1 week) and chronic (12 weeks) exposure to a low (7.5 µg/mL) concentration of 3R4F TPM and low (7.5 µg/mL), medium (37.5 µg/mL), and high (150 µg/mL) concentrations of TPM from THS 2.2. Confocal microscopy was applied to assess cellular and mitochondrial morphology. Cytosolic Ca2+ levels, mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial mass were measured with appropriate fluorescent probes on laser scanning cytometer. The levels of proteins regulating mitochondrial dynamics and biogenesis were determined by Western blot. Results: In BEAS-2B cells exposed for one week to the low concentration of 3R4F TPM and the high concentration of THS 2.2 TPM we observed clear changes in cell morphology, mitochondrial network fragmentation, altered levels of mitochondrial fusion and fission proteins and decreased biogenesis markers. Also cellular proliferation was slowed down. Upon chronic exposure (12 weeks) many parameters were affected in the opposite way comparing to short exposure. We observed strong increase of NRF2 protein level, reorganization of mitochondrial network and activation of the mitochondrial biogenesis process. Conclusion: Comparison of the effects of TPMs from 3R4F and from THS 2.2 revealed, that similar extent of alterations in mitochondrial dynamics and biogenesis is observed at 7.5 µg/mL of 3R4F TPM and 150 µg/mL of THS 2.2 TPM. 7 days exposure to the investigated components of cigarette smoke evoke mitochondrial stress, while upon chronic, 12 weeks exposure the hallmarks of cellular adaptation to the stressor were visible. The results also suggest that mitochondrial stress signaling is involved in the process of cellular adaptation under conditions of chronic stress caused by 3R4F and high concentration of THS 2.2.

Keywords:
BEAS-2B cells, candidate modified risk tobacco product, cigarette smoke, mitochondrial dynamics, tobacco heating system 2.2.

Affiliations:
Walczak J. - other affiliation
Malińska D. - Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences (PL)
Drabik K. - Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences (PL)
Michalska B. - Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences (PL)
Prill M. - Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences (PL)
Johne S. - Philip Morris Products S.A. (CH)
Luettich K. - Philip Morris Products S.A. (CH)
Szymański J. - Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences (PL)
Peitsch M.C. - Philip Morris Products S.A. (CH)
Hoeng J. - Philip Morris Products S.A. (CH)
Duszyński J. - Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences (PL)
Więckowski M.R. - Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences (PL)
van der Toorn M. - Philip Morris Products S.A. (CH)
Szczepanowska J. - Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences (PL)
2.  Malińska D., Więckowski M.R., Michalska B., Drabik K., Prill M., Patalas-Krawczyk P., Walczak J., Szymański J., Mathis C., Van der Toorn M., Luettich K., Hoeng J., Peitsch M.C., Duszyński J., Szczepanowska J., Mitochondria as a possible target for nicotine action, Journal of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes, ISSN: 0145-479X, DOI: 10.1007/s10863-019-09800-z, Vol.51, No.4, pp.259-276, 2019

Abstract:
Mitochondria are multifunctional and dynamic organelles deeply integrated into cellular physiology and metabolism. Disturbances in mitochondrial function are involved in several disorders such as neurodegeneration, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, and also in the aging process. Nicotine is a natural alkaloid present in the tobacco plant which has been well studied as a constituent of cigarette smoke. It has also been reported to influence mitochondrial function both in vitro and in vivo. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the present knowledge of nicotine action on mitochondrial function. Observed effects of nicotine exposure on the mitochondrial respiratory chain, oxidative stress, calcium homeostasis, mitochondrial dynamics, biogenesis, and mitophagy are discussed, considering the context of the experimental design. The potential action of nicotine on cellular adaptation and cell survival is also examined through its interaction with mitochondria. Although a large number of studies have demonstrated the impact of nicotine on various mitochondrial activities, elucidating its mechanism of action requires further investigation.

Keywords:
adaptation, mitochondria, nicotine, oxidative stress

Affiliations:
Malińska D. - Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences (PL)
Więckowski M.R. - Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences (PL)
Michalska B. - Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences (PL)
Drabik K. - Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences (PL)
Prill M. - Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences (PL)
Patalas-Krawczyk P. - Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences (PL)
Walczak J. - IPPT PAN
Szymański J. - Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences (PL)
Mathis C. - Philip Morris Products S.A. (CH)
Van der Toorn M. - Philip Morris Products S.A. (CH)
Luettich K. - Philip Morris Products S.A. (CH)
Hoeng J. - Philip Morris Products S.A. (CH)
Peitsch M.C. - Philip Morris Products S.A. (CH)
Duszyński J. - Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences (PL)
Szczepanowska J. - Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences (PL)
3.  Malińska D., Szymański J., Patalas-Krawczyk P., Michalska B., Wojtala A., Prill M., Partyka M., Drabik K., Walczak J., Sewer A., Johne S., Luettich K., Peitsch M.C., Hoeng J., Duszyński J., Szczepanowska J., van der Toorn M., Więckowski M.R., Assessment of mitochondrial function following short- and long-term exposure of human bronchial epithelial cells to total particulate matter from a candidate modified-risk tobacco product and reference cigarettes, Food and Chemical Toxicology, ISSN: 0278-6915, DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.02.013, Vol.115, pp.1-12, 2018

Abstract:
Mitochondrial dysfunction caused by cigarette smoke is involved in the oxidative stress-induced pathology of airway diseases. Reducing the levels of harmful and potentially harmful constituents by heating rather than combusting tobacco may reduce mitochondrial changes that contribute to oxidative stress and cell damage. We evaluated mitochondrial function and oxidative stress in human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS 2B) following 1- and 12-week exposures to total particulate matter (TPM) from the aerosol of a candidate modified-risk tobacco product, the Tobacco Heating System 2.2 (THS2.2), in comparison with TPM from the 3R4F reference cigarette. After 1-week exposure, 3R4F TPM had a strong inhibitory effect on mitochondrial basal and maximal oxygen consumption rates compared to TPM from THS2.2. Alterations in oxidative phosphorylation were accompanied by increased mitochondrial superoxide levels and increased levels of oxidatively damaged proteins in cells exposed to 7.5 μg/mL of 3R4F TPM or 150 μg/mL of THS2.2 TPM, while cytosolic levels of reactive oxygen species were not affected. In contrast, the 12-week exposure indicated adaptation of BEAS-2B cells to long-term stress. Together, the findings indicate that 3R4F TPM had a stronger effect on oxidative phosphorylation, gene expression and proteins involved in oxidative stress than TPM from the candidate modified-risk tobacco product THS2.2.

Keywords:
Mitochondria, Mitochondrial respiratory chain, Oxidative stress, BEAS-2B cells, Cigarette, Tobacco heating system

Affiliations:
Malińska D. - Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences (PL)
Szymański J. - Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences (PL)
Patalas-Krawczyk P. - Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences (PL)
Michalska B. - Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences (PL)
Wojtala A. - Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences (PL)
Prill M. - Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences (PL)
Partyka M. - Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences (PL)
Drabik K. - Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences (PL)
Walczak J. - other affiliation
Sewer A. - Philip Morris Products S.A. (CH)
Johne S. - Philip Morris Products S.A. (CH)
Luettich K. - Philip Morris Products S.A. (CH)
Peitsch M.C. - Philip Morris Products S.A. (CH)
Hoeng J. - Philip Morris Products S.A. (CH)
Duszyński J. - Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences (PL)
Szczepanowska J. - Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences (PL)
van der Toorn M. - Philip Morris Products S.A. (CH)
Więckowski M.R. - Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences (PL)

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